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Understanding the Social Security Number (SSN)
A structured overview of what credible sources and parent perspectives commonly say about this topic.
Quick answer
A Social Security Number (SSN) is a nine-digit number assigned by the Social Security Administration to U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and certain temporary residents. It is used to track earnings, determine eligibility for Social Security benefits, and serve as a key identifier in many government and financial systems.
At a glance
Things to try now
What to do now
- 1Locate and securely store your child's Social Security card in a safe place
- 2Only provide the SSN when absolutely required by official institutions
- 3Be vigilant about requests for the SSN to avoid scams or identity theft
What to say
- “We keep your Social Security Number safe because it helps protect your identity.”
- “Only certain trusted people and places need your Social Security Number, like the doctor or school.”
- “If anyone asks for your Social Security Number, always check with me first before sharing it.”
What to practice consistently
- Regularly reviewing who has access to your family's SSNs
- Teaching children about personal information privacy as they grow
- Monitoring financial and credit activity linked to your family's SSNs
What to avoid
- Sharing the SSN over email or phone unless you initiated the contact
- Carrying the Social Security card in your wallet or purse daily
- Giving out the SSN for non-essential purposes, such as marketing or surveys
These are common approaches mentioned in sources and by parents. They are informational, not prescriptive.
What this usually involves
- Issuance by the Social Security Administration (SSA) shortly after birth or upon immigration
- A nine-digit number formatted as XXX-XX-XXXX
- Use for tracking earnings and eligibility for Social Security retirement, disability, and Medicare benefits
- Commonly required for tax reporting, opening bank accounts, applying for credit, and employment
- Confidentiality is critical to prevent identity theft and fraud
- Parents often apply for their newborn's SSN to facilitate tax credits and benefits
Related questions
You can apply for a newborn's SSN through the hospital at birth or by submitting Form SS-5 to the Social Security Administration.
No, each individual is assigned only one SSN for life.
Request a replacement card from the Social Security Administration as soon as possible and monitor for identity theft.
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From around the web
Social Security Number and Card
Official information on what an SSN is, how to apply, and how to protect it.
Social Security Administration
Protecting Your Child’s Identity
Guidance on preventing and responding to child identity theft.
Federal Trade Commission
Keeping Your Child’s Social Security Number Safe
Tips for parents on safeguarding their child's SSN.
American Academy of Pediatrics